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You can build expressions by combining sub-expressions with operators. For Boolean operations, expressions are considered “false” if they are equal to zero, “true” otherwise. The following operators, delimiters, and constants are supported:



Operator / Delimiter / Constant

Type

Example

Result of example

Description

null

constant

null + 1

1

Null value, see above

false

constant

1 == 0

false

Integer value 0, useful in Boolean expressions

true

constant

null == 0

true

Integer value 1, useful in Boolean expressions

pi

constant

2 * pi

6.2831853rad

π as an angle (same as 180deg)

()

delimiter

(2 + 4) * (6 + 1)

42

Parentheses for arithmetic grouping

[]

delimiter

[1, 2, 2+1, 'string']

[1, 2, 3, 'string']

List of values

table[]delimitertable[$foo='bar', {1+1}=40+2]table[$foo='bar', {2}=42]Table of values

{}

delimiter

{101, 3}

'Some text'

Text lookup (page ID and text ID) from TextDB
(Note: Braces are also used for property lookups)

+

unary

+21 * (+2)

42

Denotes positive number (no effect)

-

unary

-(21 * -2)

42

Negates the following number

not

unary

not (21 == 42)

true

Yields true if the following expression is false (equal to zero), false otherwise

typeof

unary

typeof null

typeof 0

typeof 'Hello world'

datatype.null

datatype.integer

datatype.string

Yields the data type of the following sub-expression

sin

unary

sin(30deg)

sin(pi)

0.5

1.0

Sine (function-style, parentheses required)

cos

unary

cos(60deg)

cos(pi)

0.5

0.0

Cosine (function-style, parentheses required)

sqrt

unary

sqrt(2)

1.414213LF

Square root (function-style, parentheses required)

exp

unary

exp(1)

2.71828LF

Exponential function (function-style, parentheses required)

log

unary

log(8) / log(2)

3.0LF

Natural logarithm (function-style, parentheses required)

absunary

abs(42)
abs(-42.0)

42
42.0		Absolute value (function-style, parentheses required) (added in X4 v6.00)
sgnunarysgn(-42)
sgn(0.0)
sgn(42.0)
-1
0
1
Sign function (function-style, parentheses required) (added in X4 v6.00)

^

binary

10 ^ 3

1000.0LF

Power

*

binary

21 * 2

42

Multiplication

/

binary

42 / 10
42.0 / 10.0

4
4.2

Division

%

binary

42 % 10

2

Modulus (remainder of integer division)

+

binary

1 + 1

'Hello' + ' world'

2

'Hello world'

Addition

String concatenation

-

binary

1 - 1

0

Subtraction

lt

&lt; (<)

binary

1 lt 3

1 &lt; 3

true

Less than

le

&lt;=

binary

1 le 3

1 &lt;= 3

true

Less than or equal to

gt

&gt; (>)

binary

1 gt 3

1 &gt; 3

false

Greater than

ge

&gt;=

binary

1 ge 3

1 &gt;= 3

false

Greater than or equal to

==

binary

1 + 1 == 2.0

true

Equal to

!=

binary

1 + 1 != 2.0

false

Not equal to

and

binary

true and false

false

Logical AND (short-circuit semantics)

or

binary

true or false

true

Logical OR (short-circuit semantics)

if ... then ...

if ... then ... else ...

ternary

if 1 == 2 then 'F'

if 1 == 2 then 'F' else 'T'

null

'T'

Conditional operator ("inline if")







Operator precedence rules

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You can access many player-related game properties via the keyword “player”, for example:

  • player.name: The player’s name

  • player.age: The passed in-game time since game start

  • player.money: The money in the player’s account

  • player.ship: The ship the player is currently on (not necessarily the player's ship), or null if the player is on a station

  • player.primaryship (X Rebirth only): The player's own ship (but the player is not necessarily on board)
  • player.occupiedship (X4 only): The ship that the player is currently piloting, or null if the player is not piloting
  • player.entity: The actual player object

  • player.zone, player.sector, player.cluster, player.galaxy: Location of the player entity

  • player.copilot (X Rebirth only): The co-pilot NPC

The game consists of objects of different classes (zones, ships, stations, NPCs). They have the common datatype "component", however, they have different properties, e.g. NPCs have the property "race", but ships don't.

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